Confounding Control in Healthcare Database Research

Confounding in health research.

Consideration of confounding is fundamental to the design, analysis, and interpretation of studies intended to estimate causal effects. Unfortunately, the word confounding has been used synonymously with several other terms, and it has been used to refer to at least four distinct concepts. This paper provides an overview of confounding and related concepts based on a counterfactual model of cau...

Understanding confounding in research.

Propensity score methods for confounding control in nonexperimental research.

Confounding in case control studies

I read with interest the article on computerized tests to evaluate psychomotor performance in children with specific learning disabilities (SpLD) by taur and colleagues1. the study was conducted with the aim to compare the performance on a battery of six psychomotor tests of children with SpLD and those without any learning disabilities (controls) using computerized tests. the authors deserve c...

Confounding and control

This paper deals both with the issues of confounding and of control, as the definition of a confounding factor is far from universal and there exist different methodological approaches, ex ante and ex post, for controlling for a confounding factor. In the first section the paper compares some definitions of a confounder given in the demographic and epidemiological literature with the definition...